* Astronomy- Scientists studied Astronomy to better clock-making skills and to tell time. They also used it to tell where their location was so they could face Mecca for prayers. Muslim astronomers also helped advance the astrolabe, this was useful for sea travel. With astronomy they managed to estimate Earth's Circumference.
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Geography (include Ibn Battutah, al-Idrisi)- Muslims now could tell where they were by that stars. Now they used that to explore widely among the continents. One famous explorer, Ibn Battutah, traveled to India, Africa, China, and Spain in the 1320s. Muslims now could also make more accurate maps and calculate the distance needed to travel.


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* Math (include al-Khwarizmi)- They combined the Indian number system and Greek science of mathematics. Al-Khwarizmi took both of the sciences and wrote a book called al-jabr which sounds like algebra, the same thing that modern students learn in class. Another thing is Arabian Numerals which almost everyone uses today. They are the numbers we write in. Muslims also were the major reason for the development of Trigonometry.
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* Medicine (Ibn Sina)-Made the first Muslim public hospital in Baghdad, In the 800's doctors created test for other doctors to pass, wrote a encyclopedia about drugs and effects, wrote descriptions for diseases, and started the first pharmacy schools. Abul Kasim wrote a book on surgery. Ibn Sina wrote a book on diseases, especially on contagious diseases, how to quarantine diseases, and how to test medicine.




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* Philosophy-Sufism teaches people that they can get God's love by having a relationship with him. Muslims where worried that they became too attached with physical things and Sufism came out of it. Muslims also studied Greek thoughts and philosophy of reason and rational thinking.
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* Literature (include Omar khayyam)-The two forms of literature was poetry and short stories. It was influenced by Sufism. One of the most famous poets was
Omar Khayyám. He wrote about faith and other emotions. A famous band of short stories are "Thousand and One nights". Literature was one way that people who followed Sufism praised God.

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* Architecture-The most important Muslim art form. On of the greatest architectural feats of Muslims where the Mosques. The Mosques are beautiful buildings that are places of worship. Major Mosques where made in Cairo, Baghdad, Mecca, and Cordoba.

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* Art-Muslims did not include people and animals because they think only Allah can make people and animals. In stead of painting people they painted using words. It became calligraphy a form of decorative writing. it was used to decorate mosques, buildings and blades of swords.

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